Pleiotropic genes act as an arbitrating force in speciation.
2.
Likewise, pleiotropic gene's stabilizing selection allows for the allele frequency to be altered.
3.
Another evolutionary theory of aging was proposed by pleiotropic genes that are beneficial early in life but harmful later on.
4.
Andrzej Pkalski, from the University of WrocBaw, argues that eugenics can cause harmful loss of genetic diversity if a eugenics program selects for a pleiotropic gene that is also associated with a positive trait.
5.
William R . Rice and Ellen E . Hostert ( 1993 ) conclude that the observed hybridized species, they noticed that the fertilization of eggs was prevented in all eight of their separate studies, a likely effect of pleiotropic genes on speciation.
6.
Pleiotropic gene action can limit the rate of multivariate evolution when natural selection, sexual selection or artificial selection on one trait favors one specific version of the gene ( allele ), while selection on other traits favors a different allele, which shows how evolution is negatively related with pleiotropy in models.
7.
:: Now, as to the 4 / 5 eudicot vs 3 / 6 monocot difference, and the suite of other difference, it might simply be the chance of a founder effect, or there might be a single pleiotropic gene, given there are other effects, such as with stem development.
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